Ancient Civilizations of Rajasthan -History

Ancient Civilizations of Rajasthan, rajasthan ki prachin sabhyta pdf complete notes free download. Civilizations of Rajasthan is very important topic for example kalbanga, aahad, gilud. berath civilization this topic is very important at point of competitive exams in rajasthan. this topic gives the questions in various competitive exams like- RPSC RAS, TEACHER FIRST GRADE, 2nd Grade, aCF, RSMSSB- REET EXAM, CLERK, RAJASTHAN PATWAR EXAM, RAJASTHAN VDO EXAM, RPSC SI, RAJASTHAN POLICE CONSTABLE EXAM ETC.

Contents

1. Ahar Civilization

District – Udaipur
River – Ayd (on the banks of river Bedach)
Time – 1900 BC to 1200 BC
Period – Chalcolithic Age
Inventor – 1953 Akshay Kirti Vyas
Excavator – 1956 r. C. Agarwal (Ratchandra Agarwal)
HD (Hasmukh Dheerajlal) Sankalia got the most excavation done in 1961.
Ancient name of Ahad – Tamravati
In the 10th or 11th century it was called Aghatpur/Aghat Durg.
Local name – Dhulkot

characteristic

use of stone in building construction
A grain grinding mill has been found in the excavation.
Evidence of raids being printed on clothes has been found.
A copper smelting furnace has been found.
6 copper coins (coins) and 3 seals have been found.
were unfamiliar with silver.
The head of the dead body was in the north direction.
Six earthen stoves have been found in a building from here.
Earthen pots and copper ornaments have been found.

2. kALIBANGA cIVILIZATION

District – Hanumangarh
River – Saraswati (present-day Ghaggar)
Time – 3000 BC to 1750 BC
Era – Bronze Age
Inventor – 1952 Amalanand Ghos
Excavator – (1961-69) b. B. Lal, V.K. Thapar (B. B. Lal – Brijbasi Lal, B. K. Thapar – Balkrishna Thapar)
Literally meaning – black bangles

OTHER IMPORTANT CHARACTRISTICS related to Kalibanga

Evidence of double plowed fields
This city is divided into two parts and both the parts are surrounded by security wall (Parkota).
Evidence of ornate bricks, ornate floors have been found.
Evidence of a drain made of wood has been found.
From here, seven fire pits have been found on the platform made of bricks, in which the ashes and the bones of the Shoes have been found. Camel bones have been obtained from here, the camel is their domestic animal.
From here ‘Ustra’ wrapped in cotton cloth has been received.
Evidence of cotton cultivation has been received from here.
Evidence of burnt rice has been found.
Evidence of couple’s samadhi has been received.
The scale (futa) produced from the soil has been obtained from here.
Evidence of surgery has been obtained from here. The skeleton of a child has been found.
Evidence of earthquake has been found.
According to Wakankar sir – Indus Valley Civilization should be called the civilization of Saraswati river because why more than 200 cities were settled on the banks of Saraswati river.

3. BALATHAL civilization

District – Udaipur (near Ballabhnagar Tehsil)
River – Banas
Time – 1900 BC to 1200 BC
Chalcolithic sites related to Ahad civilization
Inventor and Excavator – 1993 V.N. Mishra (Virendra Nath Mishra)

Speciality

Bricks have been used along with stone in building construction.
A huge building has been found in which there are 11 rooms.
Animal remains have been found.
Evidence of mixed economy has been found.
Along with agriculture, animal husbandry was prevalent.

4. Gilund Civilization- Rajsamand

District – Rajsamand
Chalcolithic sites related to Ahad civilization
Inventor/Excavator – 1957- 58 V.B.(Vrajbasi) Lal
5 types of pottery
Ivory bangles have been found.

5. Berath Civilization

Bairath Civilization
District – Jaipur
River – Banganga
Time – 600 BC to 1 AD
Period – Iron Age
Inventor / Excavator – 1935 – 36 Dayaram Sahni
Major sites – Bijak’s hill, Bhima’s Dungri, Mahadev Ji Dungar

Charactristics

Evidence of Mahajana pada culture (from 600 BC to 322 BC)
Capital of Matsya district – Biratnagar (Matsya district – Jaipur, Alwar, Bharatpur) is the ancient name of Biratnagar – Bairath.
Evidence of Mahabharata Culture The Pandus had spent their 1 year of exile at the place of King Virat of Viratnagar.
Evidence of Buddhism has been found. We have found a circular Buddhist monastery from Bairath. A golden box (urn) has been found here, in which the remains of the ashes of Lord Buddha have been found.
Evidence of Mauryan culture has been found. Maurya Samaj – From 322 BC to 184 BC Bhabru inscription of Emperor Ashoka has been found from Bairath.
Discovery of Bhabru Inscription – 1837 Captain Burt
Its language – Prakrit language
script – brahmin
Presently the Bhabru inscription is preserved in the Calcutta Museum.
Evidence of Indo-Greek culture has been found.
36 silver coins have been received from here, 28 coins out of 36 Indo-Greek kings
K is. 16 out of 28 coins have been found of Menander Raja (famous Indo-Greek king).
The remaining 8 coins are punch marks from ancient India.

Note – In India gold coins were introduced by Indo-Greek kings.

6. Dhaulimagra

District – Udaipur
Latest site of Ayd civilization

7. Ganeshwar Civilization

District – Sikar, Neem Ka Thana – Sahasil
River – Kantali
Time – 2800 BC
Period – Chalcolithic period (mother of Chalcolithic civilization)
Inventor / Excavator – 1977 r. C.(Ratna Chandra) Agarwal

Fishing hook found.
An ax made of copper has been found.
Arrows, spears, swords, utensils, jewellery, needles made of pure copper have been found.
Copper was also exported from here. Supply of copper to the people of the Indus Valley
It used to be from here.

8. Bagore Civilization – Bhilwara

On the banks of Kothari river
Excavator – Virendra Nath Mishra
remains of ancient animal bones
The richest stone site of India.

9. Chandravati Civilization – Sirohi

The idol of Lord Vishnu seated on Garudasan has been found.
Colonel James Todd has also mentioned this civilization in his book.

10. Sunari – Jhunjhunu

Iron smelting furnace has been found.

11. Redh Civilization- Tonk

Iron deposits have been found.
For this reason it is called ‘Tatanagar of Ancient India’.
Asia’s largest coinage

12. Gardara – Bundi

Chhaja River
Rock paintings of the first bird rider Rock Pantimping Ting have been found. This is the first painting of archaeological importance in the country.